Tham khảo Hành vi tình dục không sinh sản ở động vật
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Balcombe, J. (2006). Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 109, 115.
Dubuc, C; Alan F. Dixson (2012). "Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Humans". International Journal of Primatology. 34: 216–218. doi:10.1007/s10764-012-9648-6.
Bailey, W; Zuk, M. (2009). "Same-sex sexual behavior and evolution". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 24 (8): 439–460. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.461.6046. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.03.014. PMID 19539396.
Mattos Brito, L. B., Joventino, I. R., Ribeiro, S. C., & Cascon, P. (2012). "Necrophiliac behavior in the "cururu" toad, Rhinella jimi Steuvax, 2002, (Anura, Bufonidae) from Northeastern Brazil" (PDF). North-Western Journal of Zoology. 8 (2): 365.
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A. F. Dixson (ngày 26 tháng 1 năm 2012). Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Humans. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954464-6.
Jean-Baptiste Leca; Michael A. Huffman; Paul L. Vasey (ngày 19 tháng 1 năm 2012). The Monkeys of Stormy Mountain: 60 Years of Primatological Research on the Japanese Macaques of Arashiyama. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-76185-7. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 9 năm 2013.
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McDonnell, S. M.; A. L., AL (2005). Squires, E., ed. "Aversive conditioning of periodic spontaneous erection adversely affects sexual behavior and semen in stallions" (PDF). Animal Reproduction Science. 89 (1–4): 77–92. doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.06.016. PMID 16112531. Periodic spontaneous erection and penile movements known as masturbation (SEAM) occur normally at approximately 90 min intervals in awake equids.... The effects of aversive conditioning] are consistent with suppressed sexual arousal and reduced breeding efficiency. Semen volume and total number of sperm per ejaculate were significantly less
McDonnell, S. M.; Diehl, N. K.; Garcia, M. C.; Kenney, R. M. (1989). "Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Affects Precopulatory Behavior in Testosterone-Treated Geldings" (PDF). Physiology & Behavior. 45 (1): 145–148. doi:10.1016/0031-9384(89)90177-7. PMID 2657816.
Linden, David J. (2011). Pleasure: How Our Brains Make Junk Food, Exercise, Marijuana, Generosity, and Gambling Feel So Good. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-85168-824-1.
Bagemihl, B. (1999). Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. St. Martin's Press. pp. 427–30. ISBN 978-1-4668-0927-7.
Gruber, Karl (ngày 6 tháng 5 năm 2016). "These male spiders perform oral sex – and lots of it". Washington Post. Every time males engage in sex, they salivate on their mate’s genitals. “In this spider species, the male first hooks his fang to female genitals, and then salivates into them. He repeats this behavior before, between and after copulation, up to 100 times in one mating,” says Matjaž Gregorič of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, who led the new study. Gregorič isn’t sure what motivates the behavior, which has only been recorded in two other invertebrates: fruit flies and widow spiders. The practice hasn’t been well-documented in widow spiders, so their bedroom habits don’t make the darwini's proclivity for oral activities any less mysterious.
Gregorič, Matjaž; Šuen, Klavdija; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Kralj-Fišer, Simona; Kuntner, Matjaž (2016). "Spider behaviors include oral sexual encounters". Scientific Reports. 6: 25128. Bibcode:2016NatSR...625128G. doi:10.1038/srep25128. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4850386. PMID 27126507.
These Bears Are Having Lots Of Oral Sex, And Scientists Think They Know Why (The Huffington Post) By: Grenoble, Ryan.
Suzanne Chevalier-Skolnikoff (1976). "Homosexual behavior in a laboratory group of stumptail monkeys (Macaca arctoides): Forms, contexts, and possible social functions". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 5 (6): 511–527. doi:10.1007/BF01541216.
Hideshi Ogawa (2006). Wily Monkeys: Social Intelligence of Tibetan Macaques. Kyoto University Press. pp. 4–. ISBN 978-1-920901-97-4.
Fox, M. W. (1972). "The Social Significance of Genital Licking in the Wolf, Canis lupus". Journal of Mammalogy. 53 (3): 637–640. doi:10.2307/1379064. JSTOR 1379064.
G. R. Pafumi (ngày 15 tháng 1 năm 2010). Is Our Vision of God Obsolete?. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1-4500-0396-4.
Tan, M.; Jones, G.; Zhu, G.; Ye, J.; Hong, T.; Zhou, S.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, L. (2009). Hosken, David, ed. "Fellatio by Fruit Bats Prolongs Copulation Time". PLoS ONE. 4 (10): e7595. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7595T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007595. PMC 2762080. PMID 19862320.
Waterman, J. M. (2010). Briffa, Mark, ed. "The Adaptive Function of Masturbation in a Promiscuous African Ground Squirrel". PLoS ONE. 5 (9): e13060. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...513060W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013060. PMC 2946931. PMID 20927404.
Bagemihl, Bruce (1999). Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. St. Martin's Press. p. 673.
"Oslo gay animal show draws crowds". BBC News. ngày 19 tháng 10 năm 2006. Archived from the original on ngày 29 tháng 10 năm 2006. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 10 năm 2006.
Roselli, C. E.; Larkin, K.; Resko, J. A.; Stellflug, J. N.; Stormshak, F. (2003). "The Volume of a Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus in the Ovine Medial Preoptic Area/Anterior Hypothalamus Varies with Sexual Partner Preference". Endocrinology. 145 (2): 478–483. doi:10.1210/en.2003-1098. PMID 14525915.
In Brief: Rams Will Be Rams. washingtonpost.com (ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 2004). Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 2 năm 2011.[dead link]
STANFORD Magazine: May/June 2004 > Feature Story > On the Originality of Species. Stanfordalumni.org (ngày 2 tháng 7 năm 2003). Truy cập ngày 15 tháng 2 năm 2011.
Riccucci, Marco (2011). "Same-sex sexual behaviour in bats". Hystrix It. J. Mammal. (n.s.). 22 (1): 139–147. doi:10.4404/hystrix-22.1-4478.
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Paoli, T.; Palagi, E.; Tacconi, G.; Tarli, S. B. (2006). "Perineal swelling, intermenstrual cycle, and female sexual behavior in bonobos (Pan paniscus)". American Journal of Primatology. 68 (4): 333–347. doi:10.1002/ajp.20228. PMID 16534808.
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